Necrotizing fasciitis: a tertiary centre based study

Abstract :

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis is a limb or life-threatening, invasive soft-tissue infection, although known since ancient times was first described in 1871. The purpose of the present study is to analyse the clinical presentation, bacterial flora, predisposing and co-morbid conditions, surgical and resuscitative treatment and outcome of this soft tissue infection.Methods: This is a prospective, cross-sectional, clinical study which was conducted from May 2019 until April 2020. This study included 60 consecutive patients. Age, gender, clinical presentation, co-morbid conditions and predisposing factors and pus culture sensitivity, treatment given, and its outcome were recorded.Results: With a male female ratio of 2.33:1 and median age of 46, most involves site was lower limb. Most patients presented with history of trauma followed by swelling (100%), pain (91.67%), and pus discharge (48.33%). Group a streptococcus was the most common organism isolated in both mono microbial (53.85%) and poly microbial (63.83%) cultures. Diabetes was the most common co morbidity observed. Fasciotomy and deidement were the mainstay of treatment with amputation rate of 23.33% and a mortality of 25%.Conclusions: Timely surgical intervention in the form of fasciotomy and deidement along with correction of malnutrition and anaemia can be crucial in saving lives and limbs.

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