Analysis Of Visceral Injuries In Blunt Abdominal Trauma

Abstract :

Aim: Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) refers to road traffic injuries and injuries due to falls where impact or countercoup wounds enter the peritoneal cavity without each in peritoneal cavity. We intend to study visceral injuries which are associated with blunt abdominal trauma in order to understand incidence of hepatosplenic injuries, and various other associated injuries with aetiology. Material and methods: This is a cross sectional, prospective, observational study. Patients who sustained blunt abdominal trauma and admitted in department of surgery at Chhatrapati Shivaji Subharti Hospital, Meerut between October 2020 to October 2022. Results: Total of 101 patients with BAT were enrolled into the study. Almost half of the population (46%) presented with two or more intra-abdominal organs injured (most commonly liver and spleen), primarily due to road traffic accidents (70%). Isolated intra-abdominal organ injuries were reported in more than half 55 (54%) of the patients. Due to topographic anatomy and large surface area, most common solid organ injured was found to be liver in 41 (40%) patients followed by Spleen 33 (33%) and most common hollow viscus organ being intestine 31(31%) predominately jejunum in 12 (39%). Nearly 2/3rd of patients with BAT had Grade III and above liver and/or spleen injury. Of these patients, ~40% faced post op complications, prolonged hospital stays of even more than a month (31-38days) and an unfortunate mortality rate of 1 in 5 (15-18%). e-FAST being a sensitive modality was useful in diagnosing 83 patients (83%) with BAT. Results: In hemodynamically stable patients with solid organ injury, conservative management can be tried and is associated with less complication and morbidity.

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